Osteoporosis - risk in older age
Osteoporosis is a common condition affecting millions of elderly people, with women being particularly susceptible. This chronic condition is characterized by a loss of bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue, leading to increased bone fragility and susceptibility to fractures.
The prevalence of osteoporosis increases with age and poses a significant public health problem due to its association with increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs.
Older individuals with osteoporosis have an increased risk of fractures, particularly of the hip, femur, spine, and wrist, which can have serious consequences on their quality of life. Fractures of the femur and hip, for instance, may lead to disability, loss of independence, and even death.
Therefore, it is essential to take preventive measures against the development of osteoporosis in the elderly population in order to maintain their bone health and reduce the risk of fractures. If osteoporosis does develop, elderly individuals should have access to all necessary care and professional attention, so that a healthy lifestyle in a safe environment can prevent the severe consequences that bone fractures in older age may cause.
What is osteoporosis and why does it occur?
Osteoporosis is a disease causing progressive loss of bone mass due to the release of calcium from the bones, resulting in a gradual decrease in their density. Bones weaken, becoming brittle and prone to fractures. The risk of fractures is highest in bones that bear heavy loads, such as the hip, spine, and joints, although fractures can occur in any bone in the body.
Bones are composed of living tissue that constantly breaks down and gets replaced by new tissue. In people with osteoporosis, the rate of breakdown exceeds the rate of new bone formation. This results in a net loss of bone tissue, weakening the bone and increasing the likelihood of fractures.
Several factors can contribute to the development of osteoporosis, including age, genetics, lifestyle habits, and underlying health conditions. Women are more likely to develop osteoporosis than men, and the risk significantly increases after menopause. Other risk factors for osteoporosis include family history of the disease, diets low in calcium and vitamin D, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and certain medical conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and hyperthyroidism.
Symptoms of osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is often called a “silent disease” because it progresses for years without any noticeable symptoms. However, as bones become weaker, individuals with osteoporosis may experience back pain, loss of height, and a stooped posture.
Some symptoms appearing as the disease advances, which may indicate osteoporosis, include:
Back pain – As the bones in the spine become weaker and more prone to fractures, individuals with osteoporosis may experience persistent back or neck pain. The pain is very intense and present while standing but disappears when lying down.
Reduction in body height – Due to weakening of the spinal column, affected individuals may lose height over time.
Stooped posture – The spine curves forward, resulting in a hunched posture.
Bone fractures – People with osteoporosis have a greater risk of fractures, especially in the hip, spine, and wrist. Even minor traumas, such as mild impacts, can lead to fractures.
Weak and brittle nails – Osteoporosis may cause changes to the nails, making them weak and brittle.
It’s important to note that these symptoms may also be caused by other health problems, such as arthritis, causing osteoporosis to remain undiagnosed for a long time, thus increasing the risk of fractures. Some people with osteoporosis experience no symptoms at all until their first fracture.
Therefore, it is important for older individuals to regularly undergo osteoporosis screenings, especially if they have risk factors for the disease. Early detection and treatment can help prevent fractures and other complications associated with osteoporosis.
Is osteoporosis curable?
Osteoporosis is a chronic disease that cannot be cured. However, with proper care and an appropriate lifestyle, it is possible to slow down the progression of the disease and reduce the risk of fractures.
The goal of osteoporosis treatment is to increase bone density, reduce the risk of fractures, and relieve symptoms such as pain. Treatment options for osteoporosis include therapies that slow down the rate of bone loss and stimulate bone growth.
In addition to therapy, lifestyle changes can also help manage osteoporosis. Regular moderate-intensity exercise such as yoga, walking, and strength training can help improve bone density and strength. People with osteoporosis may also benefit from physical therapy to relieve pain and improve mobility.
A diet rich in calcium and vitamin D is also important for maintaining bone health. Caution is necessary with calcium intake—whether from food or supplements—following the amounts advised by a doctor, as excessive intake may lead to kidney problems. Vitamin D is necessary for calcium absorption and can be obtained by exposure to sunlight during spring and summer or through diet during autumn and winter.
Stopping smoking and alcohol consumption is mandatory for osteoporosis sufferers. While osteoporosis cannot be cured, early detection, a healthy lifestyle, and treatment can help prevent further bone loss and reduce the risk of fractures. Moving into a nursing home is one way to proactively address the consequences caused by osteoporosis.
How does living in a nursing home reduce the risk of osteoporosis-related injuries?
Life in the nursing home Vila Košuta, which is equipped to provide all necessary medical care and support to the elderly, can be beneficial for individuals suffering from osteoporosis. The advantages that osteoporosis patients will experience in the organized daily life at Vila Košuta include the following:
Professional care and medical checkups across all areas:
Vila Košuta nursing home has its own general practitioner and physiotherapist, as well as many caregivers and nurses available daily to all residents. Specialist appointments are scheduled as quickly as possible to provide residents with timely professional care and assistance, which is one of the decisive factors in osteoporosis management.
Nutritious meals:
In a modern kitchen, chefs at Vila Košuta, in cooperation with a nutritionist, prepare five healthy meals daily—three main meals and two snacks. For individuals with specific health conditions, such as osteoporosis, attention is paid to intake of vitamins that will prevent further disease progression and keep the body in optimal condition. In the case of osteoporosis, these include calcium and vitamin D.
Exercise programs:
Vila Košuta nursing home provides exercise programs for individuals suffering from osteoporosis. The program is created by specialists, and exercises are performed under the supervision of physiotherapists to prevent injuries.
Social support:
At Vila Košuta nursing home, all residents have social support and companionship, significantly helping to prevent depression and maintain mental health and well-being. This can be particularly important for people with osteoporosis, who might be at risk of social isolation due to limited mobility and other health issues.
If osteoporosis has progressed and an older person experiences a fracture, Vila Košuta nursing home is the right place for recovery, as specialized staff and 24-hour supervision contribute to maintaining mobility and faster healing.
Overall, life in Vila Košuta nursing home provides a safe and healthy environment full of support for all its residents, especially for people with health issues, including osteoporosis, which helps manage disease symptoms and prevent complications.